NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 18 Neural Control and Coordination
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 18 Neural Control and Coordination covers the structure of a neuron, generation and conduction of nerve impulses, the human nervous system, and the structure and function of the eye and ear.
Overview of Topics & Subtopics (Click to Jump)
1. Neuron and Nerve Impulse
Short Note:
• A neuron consists of a cell body (soma), dendrites (receive signals), and an axon (transmits signals); a synapse is the junction between two neurons where signal transmission occurs, usually via neurotransmitters (chemical synapse).
• Nerve impulse conduction involves generation of an action potential, based on changes in membrane permeability to Na+ and K+ ions, causing depolarisation and repolarisation of the neuron membrane.
2. Human Nervous System
Short Note:
• Divided into Central Nervous System (CNS) — brain and spinal cord (control and coordination) — and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) — cranial and spinal nerves.
• The brain is divided into forebrain (cerebrum — higher functions, thalamus, hypothalamus), midbrain, and hindbrain (cerebellum — balance/coordination, pons, medulla — controls involuntary functions like breathing/heart rate).
3. Sensory Reception: Eye and Ear
Short Note:
• The eye is the organ of vision; light is focused by the lens onto the retina, where photoreceptor cells (rods for dim light, cones for colour vision) convert light into nerve impulses sent to the brain via the optic nerve.
• The ear is the organ for both hearing (via the cochlea, converting sound waves into nerve impulses) and balance/equilibrium (via the semicircular canals, utricle, and saccule of the inner ear).
NCERT Textbook Exercise Questions
Read More & Chapter Resources
These short notes are designed for quick revision. Read the main points once, then use the related material below to practise the same chapter. Revising a concept and checking it with questions can make your preparation more focused.